This Regulation formally establishes a comprehensive framework for the Carbon Unit Registry System (Sistem Registri Unit Karbon ? ?SRUK?) for carbon unit management, thereby supporting Indonesia?s NDC and preventing double counting. The new framework details procedures for the registration of greenhouse gas emissions offsetting, as well as carbon trading and international transfers, while introducing various transaction timelines, carbon unit status classifications, user responsibilities and administrative sanctions, which should hopefully strengthen compliance and safeguard the integrity of carbon unit transactions.

This new framework establishes a comprehensive framework for mangrove ecosystem protection that encompasses functional zoning, the Mangrove Landscape Unit (Kesatuan Lanskap Mangrove/KLM) Master Plan and the Mangrove Ecosystem Protection and Management Plan (Rencana Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Ekosistem Mangrove/RPPEM). This new Regulation also introduces long-term planning that is supported by data-driven analysis, mandatory public consultations and periodic monitoring every five years. The Regulation also allows planning documents and ecosystem functions to be updated in situations where ecological conditions warrant such initiatives.

This Regulation aims to strengthen environmental oversight by integrating supervision and sanctions into the Online Single Submission (OSS) system, expanding supervisory authority to KPBPB, KEK and the Capital City of Nusantara Authority, and also introducing virtual inspections. The new framework also establishes a seven-day administrative objection mechanism, revises the applicable administrative fines and broadens the Minister?s authority to assume supervision from regional and certain special-area authorities.

This Regulation expands Indonesia?s Nationally Determined Contribution (?NDC?) framework by adding marine and fisheries, blue carbon management, and oil and gas to its scope of mitigation. Meanwhile, Carbon Allocation and Carbon Reserves should be considered during any NDC target-setting. The new framework also clarifies Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventory requirements and institutional responsibilities as regards Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV). Finally, the new Regulation also aims to strengthen transparency through mandatory reporting, which should be completed via the SRN PPI and through SRUK interoperability.

This new framework affirms that regional governments and industrial estate administrators should conduct comprehensive air quality inventories and draft localized management plans. The new Regulation fundamentally alters the environmental compliance landscape through the introduction of strict emergency response thresholds for specific air pollutants. Under these new rules, authorities are fully empowered to trigger immediate operational and production suspensions in relation to corporate entities.

Governor Instruction 5/2026 overhauls Jakarta?s waste management by shifting from government-focused sorting to a mandatory source-based regime for the private sector and residential households. This framework imposes strict operational requirements on tourism and commercial managers, including mandatory food labeling and on-site processing to ensure only residual waste is exported.

The Draft Bill establishes an integrated climate-change management framework spanning planning, control, monitoring and enforcement. The new framework also introduces various Carbon Economic Value (Nilai Ekonomi Karbon/NEK) instruments, which include carbon trading, results-based payments and carbon levies, all of which will fall under the central coordination and regulatory authority of the Climate Change Management Agency (Badan Pengelolaan Perubahan Iklim/BPPI). The Draft Bill also reinforces compliance through various supervision, sanctions and dispute resolution mechanisms.

Aligning itself with Regulation of the President No. 110 of 2025, this new framework recognizes GHG Reduction Certificates (Sertifikat Pengurangan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca - ?SPE GRK?) (issued by the Minister of Environment) and Non-SPE GRK (issued in accordance with international standards) carbon units. This Regulation also restricts carbon trading within the forestry sector to greenhouse gas (?GHG?) emissions offsetting. Any foreign carbon trading that requires Authorization and Corresponding Adjustments will require relevant businesses to submit applications for recommendations to the Minister of Forestry, enclosing relevant cooperation documents that address GHG emissions offsetting.

The Minister of Environment/Head of the Environmental Control Agency has issued a new framework that specifically addresses the implementation of Indonesias climate policy in line with its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets. This framework establishes two main targets: a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the 2025 - 2030 period (Mitigation) and the overall strengthening of national climate resilience (Adaptation). Indonesias Mitigation targets have been aligned with two pathways: an unconditional target of 31.89%, which is to be achieved through domestic efforts alone, and a conditional target of 43.20%, which the country will attempt to meet through international support. Meanwhile, the countrys Adaptation target is focused on enhanced resilience across the food, water, energy, health and ecosystem sectors.

Forming part of the various administrative sanctions that can be imposed upon palm-oil plantation businesses that engage in activities within forest areas without first securing forestry permits, reacquisition (penguasaan kembali) measures will be implemented through a forest area release mechanism. Said forest areas include convertible and/or permanent production forest. The above-mentioned releases of forest areas will be carried out based on successful approval applications that are submitted to the Minister of Forestry. Meanwhile, the leaderships of BP BUMN or BUMN will be appointed to manage any palm-oil businesses that result from such reacquisition measures.