Overview

Indonesia hosts an impressive diversity of wildlife and is home to 773 species of mammal, representing 11.9% of the global total. This rich biodiversity underscores the urgent need for robust, modern regulatory frameworks that are capable of protecting these species and their habitats.[1] However, the primary legal framework for the conservation of natural resources in Indonesia, Law No. 5 of 1990 on the Conservation of Living Natural Resources and Their Ecosystems (Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya – “KSDAHE”) (“Law 5/1990”), is now outdated and is seen as insufficient in its inability to tackle today’s manifold environmental challenges. Indeed, over the past three decades, this aging regulatory framework has proved inadequate in terms of its ability to prevent severe environmental degradation, including deforestation, habitat destruction and an increase in the illegal wildlife trade. This situation calls for an updated legal framework that can ensure the effective management of conservation efforts and the safeguarding of Indonesia’s impressive natural heritage.

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