Overview

As countries across the globe continue to pursue modern urban planning and infrastructure growth, escalating demand for land has become a critical concern. This issue, as well as the growing scarcity of surface land and the use of underground space, has gained significant relevance of late in Indonesia as a solution to a prevailing lack of available surface land.

Driven by functional demands, the development of modern cities, including Jakarta, is driving growth in terms of underground property and infrastructure, which range from toll roads and Mass Rapid Transit (“MRT”) stations to basements and utility tunnels. According to the International Society of City and Regional Planners (“ISOCARP”), the development and utilization of underground space offer numerous advantages for cities facing land scarcity, including:[1]