Overview

Despite significant technological advancements, the majority of day-to-day activities still require the use of physical buildings that are capable of hosting them and providing various types of amenities that relate to said activities. In terms of dedicated personal or business establishments, parties may ultimately decide to construct entirely new buildings, while others may attempt to enhance or improve existing buildings by carrying out various forms of adaptations or renovations in order to further suit the relevant needs or mandated requirements.^[1]

Within the Indonesian regulatory context, Law No. 28 of 2002 on Buildings, as amended by Regulation of the Government in Lieu of Law No. 2 of 2022 on Job Creation (collectively referred to as “Law 28/2002”), affirms that buildings encompass both aboveground and/or underground constructions that host all sorts of activities, whether personal or business.^[2] In constructing and/or utilizing buildings, said framework mandates that the relevant owners and/or users should acquire certain building-related permits, which include:^[3]